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Introduction: A Historical Perspective on Heart Valve Surgery The history of heart valve surgery is a testament to the incredible advancements in medicine, transforming a previously fatal condition into a manageable one. For centuries, diseases affecting the heart’s valves—the crucial gatekeepers that regulate blood flow—were a death sentence. The mechanical complexity and delicate nature of […]

Introduction: A New Era in Cardiothoracic Surgery Cardiothoracic surgery stands at the vanguard of medical innovation, constantly evolving to address the complex and life-threatening conditions of the heart, lungs, and great vessels. For decades, the field was defined by the open-heart approach—a monumental procedure that, while highly effective, came with significant patient recovery times and […]

Introduction Chest procedures, encompassing a wide range of surgical interventions for conditions affecting the heart, lungs, and other thoracic structures, have historically relied on invasive techniques requiring large incisions.  Says Dr. Hazem Afifi,  this often resulted in extended recovery times, significant pain, and increased risk of complications. However, a revolution is underway, fueled by technological advancements […]