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Introduction The field of cardiac surgery is constantly evolving, driven by a relentless pursuit of minimally invasive techniques and improved patient outcomes. Hybrid cardiac procedures represent a significant advancement in this evolution, strategically combining the precision of interventional cardiology with the robust capabilities of cardiac surgery.  Says Dr. Hazem Afifi,  this approach leverages the strengths of […]

Introduction Congenital heart defects (CHDs) represent a significant challenge in pediatric cardiology, encompassing a wide spectrum of anatomical variations. Surgical planning for these complex anomalies traditionally relies on 2D echocardiograms, CT scans, and MRI images. However, these modalities often fail to fully capture the intricate three-dimensional anatomy, leading to potential surgical complications and prolonged operative […]

Introduction The landscape of cardiac surgery is undergoing a significant transformation, driven by advancements in minimally invasive techniques. Says Dr. Hazem Afifi, these procedures offer patients a less traumatic alternative to traditional open-heart surgery, resulting in faster recovery times, reduced hospital stays, and improved overall outcomes. Two notable innovations leading this charge are transcatheter aortic […]

Introduction Heart failure, a condition where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs, affects millions worldwide. While lifestyle modifications and medical therapies are often the first line of defense, a significant portion of patients progress to advanced stages where these treatments prove insufficient. This is where mechanical circulatory support (MCS) emerges […]

Introduction Cardiothoracic surgery, a field renowned for its complexity and life-saving interventions, continuously seeks innovations to enhance patient outcomes. Says Dr. Hazem Afifi,  the precision required for operating on the heart and lungs demands the highest level of diagnostic accuracy and surgical skill. In this pursuit, artificial intelligence (AI)-powered imaging has emerged as a transformative technology, […]

Introduction: A Historical Perspective on Heart Valve Surgery The history of heart valve surgery is a testament to the incredible advancements in medicine, transforming a previously fatal condition into a manageable one. For centuries, diseases affecting the heart’s valves—the crucial gatekeepers that regulate blood flow—were a death sentence. The mechanical complexity and delicate nature of […]

Introduction: A New Era in Cardiothoracic Surgery Cardiothoracic surgery stands at the vanguard of medical innovation, constantly evolving to address the complex and life-threatening conditions of the heart, lungs, and great vessels. For decades, the field was defined by the open-heart approach—a monumental procedure that, while highly effective, came with significant patient recovery times and […]

Introduction Chest procedures, encompassing a wide range of surgical interventions for conditions affecting the heart, lungs, and other thoracic structures, have historically relied on invasive techniques requiring large incisions.  Says Dr. Hazem Afifi,  this often resulted in extended recovery times, significant pain, and increased risk of complications. However, a revolution is underway, fueled by technological advancements […]